“Installation Guide for CNC Machine Tools”
As an important equipment for producing precision hardware accessories, the rationality of the installation of CNC machine tools is directly related to the subsequent production efficiency and product quality. Correct installation of CNC machine tools can not only ensure the stable operation of the equipment but also extend its service life and create greater value for enterprises. The following will introduce in detail the installation environment conditions, precautions, and operation precautions of CNC machine tools.
I. Installation environment conditions for CNC machine tools
- Places without high-heat-generating devices
CNC machine tools should be kept away from high-heat-generating devices. This is because high-heat-generating devices will generate a large amount of heat and raise the ambient temperature. CNC machine tools are relatively sensitive to temperature. Excessive temperature will affect the accuracy and stability of the machine tool. High temperature may cause thermal expansion of machine tool components, thereby changing the dimensional accuracy of the mechanical structure and affecting the processing accuracy. In addition, high temperature may also damage electronic components and reduce their performance and service life. For example, chips in the electronic control system may malfunction at high temperatures and affect the normal operation of the machine tool. - Places without floating dust and metal particles
Floating dust and metal particles are the enemies of CNC machine tools. These tiny particles may enter the interior of the machine tool, such as guide rails, lead screws, bearings and other parts, and affect the motion accuracy of mechanical components. Dust and metal particles will increase the friction between components, leading to aggravated wear and reducing the service life of the machine tool. At the same time, they may also block the oil and gas passages and affect the normal operation of the lubrication and cooling systems. In the electronic control system, dust and metal particles may adhere to the circuit board and cause short circuits or other electrical faults. - Places without corrosive and flammable gases and liquids
Corrosive and flammable gases and liquids are extremely harmful to CNC machine tools. Corrosive gases and liquids may react chemically with the metal parts of the machine tool, resulting in corrosion and damage to the components. For example, acidic gases may corrode the casing, guide rails and other parts of the machine tool and reduce the structural strength of the machine tool. Flammable gases and liquids pose a serious safety hazard. Once a leak occurs and comes into contact with a火源, it may cause a fire or explosion and cause huge losses to personnel and equipment. - Places without water droplets, steam, dust and oily dust
Water droplets and steam pose a serious threat to the electrical system of CNC machine tools. Water is a good conductor. Once it enters the interior of electrical equipment, it may cause short circuits, leakage and other faults and damage electronic components. Steam may also condense into water droplets on the surface of electrical equipment and cause the same problem. Dust and oily dust will affect the accuracy and service life of the machine tool. They may adhere to the surface of mechanical components, increase friction resistance and affect motion accuracy. At the same time, oily dust may also contaminate lubricating oil and reduce the lubrication effect. - Places without electromagnetic noise interference
The control system of CNC machine tools is very sensitive to electromagnetic interference. Electromagnetic noise interference may come from nearby electrical equipment, radio transmitters and other sources. This kind of interference will affect the signal transmission of the control system, resulting in a decrease in processing accuracy or malfunctions. For example, electromagnetic interference may cause errors in the instructions of the numerical control system and cause the machine tool to process wrong parts. Therefore, CNC machine tools should be installed in places without electromagnetic noise interference or effective electromagnetic shielding measures should be taken. - Firm and vibration-free places
CNC machine tools need to be installed on a firm ground to reduce vibration. Vibration will have a negative impact on the processing accuracy of the machine tool, increase tool wear and reduce the quality of the machined surface. At the same time, vibration may also damage the components of the machine tool, such as guide rails and lead screws. A firm ground can provide stable support and reduce the vibration of the machine tool during operation. In addition, shock absorption measures such as installing shock absorption pads can be taken to further reduce the impact of vibration. - The applicable ambient temperature is 0°C – 55°C. If the ambient temperature exceeds 45°C, please place the driver in a well-ventilated place or an air-conditioned room.
CNC machine tools have certain requirements for ambient temperature. Too low or too high temperature will affect the performance and service life of the machine tool. In a low-temperature environment, lubricating oil may become viscous and affect the lubrication effect; the performance of electronic components may also be affected. In a high-temperature environment, machine tool components are prone to thermal expansion and the accuracy decreases; the service life of electronic components will also be shortened. Therefore, CNC machine tools should be kept within a suitable temperature range as much as possible. When the ambient temperature exceeds 45°C, key components such as drivers should be placed in a well-ventilated place or an air-conditioned room to ensure their normal operation.
II. Precautions for installing CNC machine tools
- The installation direction must be in accordance with the regulations, otherwise servo faults will occur.
The installation direction of CNC machine tools is strictly regulated, which is determined by its mechanical structure and control system design. If the installation direction is wrong, it may cause faults in the servo system and affect the accuracy and stability of the machine tool. During the installation process, the installation instructions of the machine tool should be carefully read and installed in the specified direction. At the same time, attention should also be paid to the levelness and verticality of the machine tool to ensure that the machine tool is installed in the correct position. - When installing the driver, its air intake and exhaust holes cannot be blocked, and it cannot be placed upside down. Otherwise, it will cause a fault.
The driver is one of the core components of CNC machine tools. The unobstructed air intake and exhaust holes are crucial for heat dissipation and normal operation. If the air intake and exhaust holes are blocked, the heat inside the driver cannot be dissipated, which may lead to overheating faults. At the same time, placing the driver upside down may also affect its internal structure and performance and cause faults. When installing the driver, ensure that its air intake and exhaust holes are unobstructed and placed in the correct direction. - Do not install it near or close to flammable materials.
CNC machine tools may generate sparks or high temperatures during operation, so they cannot be installed near flammable materials. Once flammable materials are ignited, it may cause a fire and cause serious harm to personnel and equipment. When choosing an installation location, stay away from flammable materials to ensure safety. - When fixing the driver, make sure that each fixing point is locked.
The driver will generate vibration during operation. If it is not fixed firmly, it may become loose or fall off and affect the normal operation of the machine tool. Therefore, when fixing the driver, make sure that each fixing point is locked to prevent loosening. Appropriate bolts and nuts can be used for fixation and the fixation situation should be checked regularly. - Install it in a place that can bear the weight.
CNC machine tools and their components are usually relatively heavy. Therefore, when installing, a location that can bear its weight should be selected. If it is installed in a place with insufficient load-bearing capacity, it may cause ground subsidence or equipment damage. Before installation, the load-bearing capacity of the installation location should be evaluated and corresponding reinforcement measures should be taken.
III. Operation precautions for CNC machine tools
- For long-term operation, it is recommended to operate at an ambient temperature below 45°C to ensure the reliable performance of the product.
CNC machine tools will generate heat during long-term operation. If the ambient temperature is too high, it may cause the machine tool to overheat and affect its performance and service life. Therefore, it is recommended to operate for a long time at an ambient temperature below 45°C. Ventilation, cooling and other measures can be taken to ensure that the machine tool operates within a suitable temperature range. - If this product is installed in an electrical distribution box, the size and ventilation conditions of the electrical distribution box must ensure that all internal electronic devices are free from the danger of overheating. At the same time, attention should also be paid to whether the vibration of the machine will affect the electronic devices of the electrical distribution box.
The electrical distribution box is an important part of CNC machine tools. It provides power and protection for the electronic devices of the machine tool. The size and ventilation conditions of the electrical distribution box should meet the heat dissipation requirements of the internal electronic devices to prevent overheating faults. At the same time, attention should also be paid to whether the vibration of the machine tool will affect the electronic devices of the electrical distribution box. If the vibration is too large, it may cause the electronic devices to become loose or damaged. Shock absorption measures such as installing shock absorption pads can be taken to reduce the impact of vibration. - In order to ensure good cooling circulation effect, when installing the driver, there must be sufficient space between it and adjacent items and baffles (walls) on all sides, and the air intake and exhaust holes cannot be blocked, otherwise it will cause a fault.
The cooling circulation system is crucial for the normal operation of CNC machine tools. Good cooling circulation can reduce the temperature of machine tool components and improve processing accuracy and stability. When installing the driver, ensure that there is sufficient space around it for air circulation to ensure the cooling circulation effect. At the same time, the air intake and exhaust holes cannot be blocked, otherwise it will affect the heat dissipation effect and cause faults.
IV. Other precautions for CNC machine tools
- The wiring between the driver and the motor cannot be pulled too tight.
If the wiring between the driver and the motor is pulled too tight, it may become loose or damaged due to tension during the operation of the machine tool. Therefore, when wiring, appropriate slack should be maintained to avoid pulling too tight. At the same time, the wiring situation should be checked regularly to ensure a firm connection. - Do not place heavy objects on top of the driver.
Placing heavy objects on top of the driver may damage the driver. Heavy objects may crush the casing or internal components of the driver and affect its performance and service life. Therefore, heavy objects should not be placed on top of the driver. - Metal sheets, screws and other conductive foreign matters or oil and other combustible materials cannot be mixed inside the driver.
Conductive foreign matters such as metal sheets and screws may cause short circuits inside the driver and damage electronic components. Oil and other combustible materials pose a safety hazard and may cause a fire. When installing and using the driver, ensure that its interior is clean and avoid mixing foreign matters. - If the connection between the driver and the motor exceeds 20 meters, please thicken the U, V, W and Encoder connection wires.
When the connection distance between the driver and the motor exceeds 20 meters, the signal transmission will be affected to a certain extent. In order to ensure stable signal transmission, the U, V, W and Encoder connection wires need to be thickened. This can reduce line resistance and improve the quality and stability of signal transmission. - The driver cannot be dropped or impacted.
The driver is a precision electronic device. Dropping or impacting it may damage its internal structure and electronic components and cause faults. When handling and installing the driver, it should be handled with care to avoid dropping or impacting. - When the driver is damaged, it cannot be operated forcibly.
If damage is found to the driver, such as a cracked casing or loose wiring, it should be stopped immediately and inspected or replaced. Forcing the operation of a damaged driver may lead to more serious faults and even cause safety accidents.
In conclusion, correct installation and use of CNC machine tools is the key to ensuring the production of precision hardware accessories. When installing CNC machine tools, the installation environment conditions and precautions should be strictly observed to ensure the accuracy, stability and reliability of the machine tool. At the same time, attention should also be paid to various precautions during operation, and regular maintenance and upkeep of the machine tool should be carried out to extend its service life and improve production efficiency.