I. Introduction
As an important equipment in the modern manufacturing industry, CNC machine tools play a key role in production. However, the emergence of random failures has brought a lot of trouble to production. This article will discuss in detail the causes and detection and diagnosis methods of random failure of CNC machine tools, aiming to provide effective solutions for maintenance personnel.
II. Causes of random failure of CNC machine tools
There are two main reasons for the random failure of CNC machine tools.
First, the problem of poor contact, such as poor contact with circuit board virtual welding, connecters, etc., as well as poor contact inside the components. These problems may lead to abnormal signal transmission and affect the normal operation of the machine tool.
Another situation is that the component is ageing or other reasons causing its parameter change or performance to decline to near the critical point, which is in an unstable state. At this time, even if the external conditions such as temperature, voltage, etc. have minor disturbances within the allowable range, the machine tool may instantly cross the critical point and fail.
In addition, there may be other reasons for random failure, such as power interference, mechanical, hydraulic, and electrical coordination problems.
III. Inspection and diagnosis methods for random faults of CNC machine tools
When encountering a random failure, the maintenance personnel should first carefully observe the scene of the failure and ask the operator about the situation before and when the failure occurs. Combined with the previous maintenance records of the equipment, we can roughly judge the possible cause and location of the fault from the phenomenon and principle.
(1) Random failure caused by power interference of CNC machine tools
For failures caused by power interference, the following anti-interference measures can be taken.
1. Sheeding: Adopt shielding technology to reduce the impact of external electromagnetic interference on machine tools.
2. Downing: Good grounding can effectively reduce interference.
3. Isolation: Isolate sensitive components to prevent interference signals from coming in.
4. Voltage stabilisation: Ensure the stability of the power supply voltage and avoid the impact of voltage fluctuations on the machine tool.
5. Filtration: Filter out the clutter in the power supply and improve the quality of the power supply.
Discussion on Random Fault Detection and Diagnosis of CNC Machine Tools
I. Introduction
As an important equipment in the modern manufacturing industry, CNC machine tools play a key role in production. However, the emergence of random failures has brought a lot of trouble to production. This article will discuss in detail the causes and detection and diagnosis methods of random failure of CNC machine tools, aiming to provide effective solutions for maintenance personnel.
II. Causes of random failure of CNC machine tools
There are two main reasons for the random failure of CNC machine tools.
First, the problem of poor contact, such as poor contact with circuit board virtual welding, connecters, etc., as well as poor contact inside the components. These problems may lead to abnormal signal transmission and affect the normal operation of the machine tool.
Another situation is that the component is ageing or other reasons causing its parameter change or performance to decline to near the critical point, which is in an unstable state. At this time, even if the external conditions such as temperature, voltage, etc. have minor disturbances within the allowable range, the machine tool may instantly cross the critical point and fail.
In addition, there may be other reasons for random failure, such as power interference, mechanical, hydraulic, and electrical coordination problems.
III. Inspection and diagnosis methods for random faults of CNC machine tools
When encountering a random failure, the maintenance personnel should first carefully observe the scene of the failure and ask the operator about the situation before and when the failure occurs. Combined with the previous maintenance records of the equipment, we can roughly judge the possible cause and location of the fault from the phenomenon and principle.
(1) Random failure caused by power interference of CNC machine tools
For failures caused by power interference, the following anti-interference measures can be taken.
1. Sheeding: Adopt shielding technology to reduce the impact of external electromagnetic interference on machine tools.
2. Downing: Good grounding can effectively reduce interference.
3. Isolation: Isolate sensitive components to prevent interference signals from coming in.
4. Voltage stabilisation: Ensure the stability of the power supply voltage and avoid the impact of voltage fluctuations on the machine tool.
5. Filtration: Filter out the clutter in the power supply and improve the quality of the power supply.
(II) Case analysis
Take a crankshaft internal milling machine as an example, which often has random alarms and shutdowns. After observation, it is found that the fault always occurs at the moment when the spindle motor of a nearby machine tool starts, and occurs frequently when the power load is large. The measured power grid voltage is only about 340V, and the waveform of the three-phase power supply is seriously distorted. It is determined that the fault is caused by the power supply interference caused by the low power supply voltage. The problem is solved by splitting the power supply of the two machine tools from two distribution boxes and installing a voltage stabilising power supply to the control part of the milling machine in the crankshaft.
(3) Random failure caused by machine, liquid and electrical cooperation problems of CNC machine tools
For failures caused by mechanical, hydraulic and electrical cooperation problems, we should carefully observe and understand the action conversion process when the fault occurs. Take a crankshaft internal milling machine as an example, analyse its working sequence diagram, and clarify the order and time relationship of each action. In actual maintenance, the common problem is that the operation of the knife and the operation of the workbench do not meet the requirements of the process, such as the extension of the knife in advance or the return is too slow. At this time, the maintenance should focus on checking switches, hydraulics and guide rails, rather than changing the time constant.
IV. Conclusion
In summary, the detection and diagnosis of random faults of CNC machine tools need to comprehensively consider a variety of factors. By carefully observing the scene and asking the operators, the cause and location of the fault can be roughly judged. For faults caused by power interference, anti-interference measures can be taken; for faults caused by machine, liquid and electrical cooperation problems, relevant components should be checked. Through effective detection and diagnosis methods, the maintenance efficiency can be improved and the normal operation of the machine tool can be guaranteed.