CNC machining centre: the core of advanced manufacturing technology
I. Introduction
In the modern manufacturing industry, CNC machining centre, as a key CNC machine tool, plays a vital role. It integrates advanced technology and functions to achieve efficient and accurate processing operations and provide high-quality parts and products for various industries. This article will deeply discuss the characteristics, processing principles, advantages and shortcomings of CNC machining centres, and analyse their application and future development in the manufacturing industry.
II. Characteristics of CNC Machining Centre
CNC machining centre is developed on the basis of CNC milling machines, but it has unique characteristics that distinguish it from CNC milling machines. One of the most important features is its knife library and the ability to automatically replace knives. Through this automatic tool change device, the machining centre can switch a variety of different tools in one clamping, so as to complete a variety of complex machining tasks. This feature greatly improves the processing efficiency and flexibility, reduces the number of clamping of workpieces, and reduces the possibility of machining errors.
In addition, CNC machining centres are usually equipped with high-precision control systems and advanced driving technology, which can ensure the accuracy and stability of machining. It can process workpieces of various shapes and sizes, whether it is simple geometry or complex surfaces, which can be easily dealt with. At the same time, the machining centre also has strong cutting ability and high-speed processing performance, which can meet the requirements of different industries for processing efficiency and quality.
III. Principles for the determination of processing routes
In the process of CNC machining centre, it is very important to reasonably determine the processing route. The following are the principles that are generally followed:
1. Ensuring the accuracy and surface roughness of the workpiece: The design of the machining route should first consider how to ensure the accuracy and surface roughness requirements of the processed workpiece. This requires comprehensive consideration of factors such as tool selection, cutting parameter setting and machining sequence. Through reasonable planning, processing errors can be reduced and the quality of workpieces can be improved.
2. Shorten the processing route: In order to improve the processing efficiency, the processing route should be shortened as much as possible and the empty travel time should be reduced. This can be achieved by optimising the tool path and reasonably arranging the processing process. At the same time, avoid unnecessary repeated processing and roundabout routes to save processing time and energy.
3. Simplified numerical calculation: The determination of the processing route should simplify the workload of numerical calculation as much as possible for programming and operation. This can be achieved by selecting the appropriate coordinate system and adopting the standard tool trajectory. Simplifying the processing program can not only improve programming efficiency, but also reduce the possibility of program errors.
4. Utilisation of subroutines: For some reused programs, subroutines should be used for programming. This can reduce the length of the program and improve the efficiency and readability of programming. At the same time, the subroutine can also be easily modified and maintained to improve the flexibility and reusability of the program.
IV. Advantages of CNC Machining Centre
CNC machining centre has many significant advantages, which make it widely used in modern manufacturing industry:
1. Reduce the number of tooling: Because the machining centre can achieve a variety of machining functions through automatic tool change, it does not need a large number of complex tooling when processing parts with complex shapes. Only by modifying the parts processing program, the processing of parts of different shapes and sizes can be realised, which greatly reduces the quantity and cost of tooling. This is very beneficial for the development and modification of new products, and can quickly respond to market demand.
2. Stable processing quality: The machining centre is equipped with a high-precision control system and advanced driving technology, which can ensure the stable quality of processing. It has high processing accuracy and repeatability, which can meet the needs of high-precision industries such as aircraft. In addition, the processing process of the processing centre is relatively stable and less affected by human factors, which is conducive to ensuring the consistency of product quality.
3. High production efficiency: In the case of multi-variety and small-volume production, the CNC machining centre can give full play to its efficient advantages. By reducing the time of production preparation, machine tool adjustment and process inspection, and using the best cutting amount to reduce cutting time, the machining centre can greatly improve production efficiency. At the same time, its flexible processing ability can also meet the personalised needs of different customers and improve the market competitiveness of enterprises.
4. Complex surfaces that can be processed: CNC machining centres can process complex surfaces that are difficult to process by conventional methods, such as curved surfaces, special-shaped surfaces, etc. Even for some unobservable processing parts, it can be accurately processed through advanced numerical control technology. This provides a broader design space and manufacturing possibilities for the manufacturing industry, and helps to promote product innovation and upgrading.
V. Disadvantages of CNC Machining Centre
Although the CNC machining centre has many advantages, there are also some shortcomings that need to be paid attention to:
1. The cost of machine tool equipment is expensive: the equipment price of CNC machining centres is relatively high, which may be a large investment burden for some small and medium-sized enterprises. In addition, its maintenance and maintenance costs are also relatively high, which requires professional technicians to operate and maintain.
2. Requires maintenance personnel to have a high level: Since the CNC machining centre is a high-tech CNC machine tool, its repair and maintenance require professional technical knowledge and skills. Maintenance personnel need to be familiar with the structure, principle and control system of the machine tool, and be able to quickly and accurately judge and solve faults. For enterprises, it is necessary to train or recruit high-quality maintenance personnel, which increases the labour cost of the enterprise.
VI. Application of CNC Machining Centre
CNC machining centre is widely used in various industries. The following are some common application fields:
1. Aerospace field: In the aerospace field, the accuracy and quality of components are very high. The CNC machining centre can process various parts of complex shapes, such as aircraft engine blades, spacecraft structural parts, etc., to meet the high requirements in the aerospace field.
2. Automotive manufacturing industry: The automotive manufacturing industry is one of the important application fields of CNC machining centres. The CNC machining centre can be used to process key parts such as automobile engine cylinder block, cylinder head and crankshaft, as well as large parts such as automobile body and chassis. Its efficient and accurate processing ability can improve the quality and efficiency of automobile manufacturing.
3. Mould manufacturing industry: Mould manufacturing is another important application field of CNC machining centre. The accuracy and quality of the mould directly affect the quality and production efficiency of the product. CNC machining centre can process various complex shapes of moulds, such as injection moulds, die-casting moulds, stamping moulds, etc., providing reliable technical support for the mould manufacturing industry.
4. Electronics industry: In the electronics industry, CNC machining centres can be used to process various electronic components, such as printed circuit boards, mobile phone shells, computer shells, etc. Its high-precision and high-speed processing ability can meet the requirements of the electronics industry for the accuracy and quality of components.
5. Medical device industry: The medical device industry also has very high requirements for the accuracy and quality of parts. CNC machining centre can process various medical device parts, such as surgical instruments, medical device shells, etc., providing an important manufacturing method for the medical device industry.
Seven. Future Development of CNC Machining Centre
With the continuous progress of science and technology and the continuous development of manufacturing industry, CNC machining centres will also usher in new development opportunities and challenges. Here are some future development trends:
1. Intelligent: The future CNC machining centre will be more intelligent, with independent learning, adaptive adjustment and other functions. Through the application of artificial intelligence technology, the machining centre can automatically optimise the machining parameters and tool path according to the characteristics and processing requirements of the workpiece, and improve the processing efficiency and quality.
2. High speed: With the continuous improvement of the requirements of the manufacturing industry for production efficiency, the high-speed development of CNC machining centres will become an inevitable trend. In the future, the machining centre will have higher spindle speed, faster feed speed and greater acceleration to achieve more efficient machining operations.
3. Combination: In order to meet the needs of the manufacturing industry for multi-functional processing, the CNC machining centre will develop in the direction of composite. The future machining centre will integrate a variety of processing functions, such as turning, milling, drilling, tapping, etc., to achieve multi-purpose one machine and improve the utilisation rate and production efficiency of equipment.
4. Greening: With the continuous enhancement of environmental awareness, the green development of CNC machining centres will also become an important trend in the future. The future processing centre will adopt more energy-saving and environmentally friendly technologies and materials to reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution.
5. Networked: With the continuous development of information technology, the networked development of CNC machining centres will also become an important trend in the future. The future machining centre will be able to connect and interact with other equipment and systems through the network, realise remote monitoring, fault diagnosis, program transmission and other functions, and improve the efficiency and intelligence of production management.
VIII. Conclusion
As an advanced CNC machine tool, CNC machining centre plays a vital role in modern manufacturing. It has unique characteristics and advantages, can realise efficient and accurate processing operations, and provide high-quality parts and products for various industries. With the continuous progress of science and technology and the continuous development of the manufacturing industry, the CNC machining centre will also continue to innovate and upgrade, providing stronger technical support for the development of the manufacturing industry. In the future, CNC machining centres will develop in the direction of intelligence, high speed, compounding, greening and networking, making greater contributions to the transformation and upgrading and high-quality development of the manufacturing industry.
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